Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Well, You Don't Have To Take My Word For It " Baur Fischer Lenz" Literally Defined Nazi Eugenics

The standard textbook on racial hygiene by Erwin Baur, Eugen Fischer, and Fritz Lenz as viewed by the psychiatric and neurological communities from 1921 to 1940

Abstract

The textbook "Human heredity and Racial Hygiene" by Erwin Baur, Eugen Fischer, and Fritz Lenz went through five editions between 1921 and 1940. In contemporary journals, it received almost only positive review articles and was considered to be the standard textbook on racial hygiene in the Weimar Republic. After Hitler's takeover in 1933, it became the "scientific" basis for eugenic sterilization programs. In that year, the Nazis enacted a law allowing the involuntary sterilization of persons with diseases thought to be hereditary, mostly neurological and psychiatric disorders. Using review articles on the book, the position of neurologists and psychiatrists towards racial hygiene is analyzed. We describe how they prepared and maintained the acceptance of eugenic politics in the medical profession by praising the standard work on racial hygiene.

I will strongly object to only one thing in that description and that is the scare quotes around "scientific".  All three of the authors were credentialed scientists working at major institutions.  Erwin Baur worked at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Breeding Research,  Eugen Fischer was the director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics, and was appointed by Hitler to be a rector of the Frederick William University of Berlin   Fritz Lenz worked at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics and after WWII, though a major member of the very Nazi scientific establishment that gave the Nazis their excuses for murdering millions (as the head of his department during the time he was a Nazi)  he continued right on at the University of Goettingen.

As the abstract indicates, there was widespread acceptance of their book by scientists for well over a decade, the book which was a main source of information for Hitler and his inner circle as he was ranting out Mein Kampf dictated Hitler to be written down by Rudolf Hess.  I know for a fact that it was also widely and positively reviewed in English language science and it was, in fact, cited as scientific authority within science.  

No, if bad religion is religion that religion has to answer for, even religion that rejected the bad religion from the start, Science doesn't get a different rule when it's bad science.  Science becomes science through the acceptance of scientists in a way that is far less true for religion.  Science, given its potency and acceptance by those who are in the habit of believing whatever scientists say, can't be allowed to escape its bad side. 

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